Successive Difference Replication (SDR) is a method of variance estimation under systematic sampling. The method has been used at the US Census Bureau for important studies including the Current Population Survey and the American Community Survey. The statistical properties of SDR are evaluated in the context of other variance estimators applicable to single-phase systematic sampling. A simulat...

BACKGROUND Cognitive function deficits caused by impaired neurogenesis of the brain structures are considered an important pathogenic factor in many neurological and mental diseases such as schizophrenia and depression. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of the enriched environment on cognitive functions and antidepressant-like effect of prenatally stressed rats. It was important ...

Sharing knowledge across a community of users demands agreement about the meaning of symbols. There are two important problems that may arise. First, there is incompatibility, where different comnmnities can use different symbols to mean the same thing. This is not as serious as the second problem of inconsistency, where the same symbol can be used by different members of a community with diffe...

BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is a group of mental disorders of unclear origin, affecting around 1% of global population, most commonly young people. Of various treatment methods, pharmacotherapy using atypical neuroleptics such as aripiprazole (ARI) and olanzapine (OLA) seems to be the most effective. The aim of this paper was to show that prenatal stress causes impairment of cognitive functions in...

In this paper, We present the generalizations of the LSMR and NSCG methods for solving matrix equations. First, based on the LSMR algorithm, the Bl-LSMR and Gl-LSMR algorithms are derived by minimizing the Frobenius norm of residual matrix of normal equation. In addition, by extending the idea of LSMR algorithm, we also present the LSMR-M algorithm for solving the general coupled matrix equatio...

Extreme haustorial parasites have long captured the interest of naturalists and scientists with their greatly reduced and highly specialized morphology. Along with the reduction or loss of photosynthesis, the plastid genome often decays as photosynthetic genes are released from selective constraint. This makes it challenging to use traditional plastid genes for parasitic plant phylogenetics, an...

BACKGROUND Hip and knee replacements in patients with bone defects after infection correlates with high rates of reinfection. In this vulnerable patient population, the prevention of reinfection is to be considered superordinate to the functionality and defect bridging. The use of silver coating of aseptic implants as an infection prophylaxis is already proven; however, the significance of thes...

Single phase line-broken (SPLB) fault is one kind of high impedance (HIF). When a SPLB occurs, there are four scenarios: with neither side conductors grounded (SPLB-NSCG), source conductor only (SPLB-SSCG), load (SPLB-LSCG), both (SPLB-BSCG). Traditional HIF detection methods using current or voltage characteristics have low sensitivity to fault. In this paper, analysed firstly in the cases fir...

Global Krylov subspace methods are the most efficient and robust methods to solve generalized coupled Sylvester matrix equation. In this paper, we propose the nested splitting conjugate gradient process for solving this equation. This method has inner and outer iterations, which employs the generalized conjugate gradient method as an inner iteration to approximate each outer iterate, while each...